African armyworm (Spodotera exempta). Mature caterpillars measure up to 4 cm. (c) University of Arkansas
Stemborers
Active full-grown millet stemborer (Coniesta ignefusalis) larva (feeding and damage) in millet stem.
(c) ICRISAT – International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics. www.icrisat.org
Spotted stemborer (Chilo partellus) (c) Courtesy EcoPort (http://www.ecoport.org): Agricultural Research Council of South Africa.
Shoot fly
Shoot fly(Atherigona soccata) The adults are dark brown, and similar to a housefly, but nearly half the size (about 0.5 cm long). (c) Georg Goergen, Courtesy of EcoPort, www.ecoport.org
Stalk-eyed shoot fly (Diopsis spp.). It is about 8mm long. (c) A.M. Varela, icipe
Grasshoppers
Variegated grasshopper (Zonocerus variegatus). The size of adult grasshoppers may vary between 3 – 5 cm (c) PRIFAS. Courtesy of EcoPort, www.ecoport.org
Storage pests: The Lesser Grain Borer and the Khapra beetle
Lesser grain borer(Rhyzopertha dominica). Adults are 2-3 mm in length and reddish-brown in colour (shown on wheat grains). (c) Clemson University – USDA Cooperative Extension Slide Series, United States, bugwood.org
Stemborers: African maize stalkborer
Caterpillars of the African maize stalkborer (Busseola fusca). (c) D. Cugala, Stemborer team, icipe
African maize stalkborer(Busseola fusca) damage on maize. Caterpillars are relatively featureless and noctuid, growing to a length of up to 4 cm. They lack conspicuous hairs or markings and look smooth and shiny. Colour is variable but usually creamy-white (c) A. M. Varela, icipe
Mealybugs
Female mealybugs on passionfruit leaf. Female mealybugs are 3 to 5 mm long and their body is usually covered with a waxy secretion. (c) A.M. Varela, icipe
